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Written by:
Dr. S. Abdullah Al-Farooq
FCP, Asst. Professor, Psychiatric Department
Jahurul Islam Medical College & Hospital, Bajitpur,
Kishoregonj
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What is mental or emotional health?
Mental or emotional health
refers to once overall psychological well being.
- The way feels about
himself
- Quality of relationship
- Ability to manage feelings
and dealt with difficulties.
People who are mentally and emotionally healthy have
- Sense of contentment
- Zest for living
- Ability to dealt with stress
- Flexibility to learn new things and adapt to change
- Balance between work and rest
- Ability to build and maintain relationship
- Self confidence and high self-esteem
What is Resilience?
An ability to bounce back from adversity, trauma and
stress.
Building resilience
Letting strong emotions.
And also releasing when needed.
Actions to deal with problems
Meet demands of daily living.
Spend time with love one.
Rely on others and also rely on self.
Physical Health is connected to mental and emotional
health.
- Get enough rest
- Good nutrition
- Get enough rest
 |
 |
- Exercise
|
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Avoid cigarettes and other substances
Improve mental and emotional health by taking care
oneself.
-
Practice self discipline
-
Learn or discover new things
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To think that positively impacts others
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Enjoy the beauty of nature
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Engaging meaningful creative works
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Meet leisure time a priority
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Appeal your senses, e.g. listen to music
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Meditation prayer
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Limit unhealthy mental habits, like worrying
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Manage stress, avoid alter, adopt or accept
Supportive relationship: the foundation of emotional
health
-
Spend time face to face with close one or
friends
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Get out from behind TV or Computer screen
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Do something that helps others
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Be a joiner of social action, special
interest group
Risk factors that can compromise mental and emotional
health
-
Poor early attachment to parents
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Traumas or serious loss early in life
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Learned helplessness
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Illness
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Poor socio-economic condition
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Side effect of medication
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Substance abuse
Red flag symptoms that require immediate attention
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Inability to sleep
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Feeling down hopeless or helpless most of the
time
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Concentration problem interfering work or
personal life
-
Smoking, over-eating drugs or alcohol to cope
with difficulties
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Negative or self-destructive thoughts or
fears
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Thoughts of death or suicide
If red flag symptoms identified make an appointment with
mental health personal.
Theme of the mental health strategy
-
Improve the mental health and well being of
the population and keep population well
-
Improve outcome for people with mental health
problems through high quality services that are equally accessible to all.
Mental health is as important to people as their physical
health.
Objectives:
-
More people will have good mental health
-
More people with mental health problem with
recover
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More people with mental health problem will
have good physical health
-
More people will have a positive experience
of care and support
-
Fewer people will suffer avoidable harm
-
Fewer people will experience stigma and
discrimination
Strategy should be:
-
Participant driven
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Prevention focused
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Community based
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Recovery and/or self-determination outcome
oriented
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Reflects best treatment support practice
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Cost effective
Consumer principles
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Consumer involvement in planning and
management of the system
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Prevention of consumer’s right
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Recovery of self-determination
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Choice and self-direction of the service
System Principles
-
Continuity of care
-
Description of core services (mental health,
developmental disabilities, substance abuse)
-
Implementation of uniform portal
-
Target population and criteria for
identifying them
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Integration and best usages of state
facilities with community system of care
-
Attention to and involvement of the provider
to the system
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Inter-system collaboration
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Workforce development
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Cultural competence and cultural relevance
-
A planning management and performance
evaluation
Consumers Outcome
-
Increased percentage of consumers receiving
timely adequate care
-
Increased percentage of consumers given a
choice of providers
-
Increased percentage of consumers
participating in the development of their persons centered plan
-
Increased percentage of consumers with crisis
present to the provider
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Decreased re-hospitalization
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Decreased rate of preventable death
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Decreased rate of disability
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Decreased rate of drop out
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Increased job placement
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Increased functioning
System Performance
-
Increased public access to the provider
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Increased portion of public resources spent
on evidence based and best practice
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Increased number of providers
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Increased ability to local crisis service
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Decreased percentage of hospital admission
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Increased continuity of care
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Decreased disability
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Reduced rate of drop out
-
Increased employment opportunities for
consumers
Historical background of mental Health services
Three periods
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1) Rise of the asylum
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2) Decline of the asylum
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3) Balancing mental health
The Rise of Asylum
-
The asylum emerged as the main societal
institutions for care of mentally ill and by the end of nineteenth century,
became merely custodial hospital
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Placed remote from community
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Strong evidence of overall poor standard of
treatment and care
The Decline of the asylum
Asylum care resulted
-
Progressive loss of life skills
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Deficit symptoms
Concerns included:
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Ill treatment of patients
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Professional isolation of the institution
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Poor reporting
-
Weak staff training
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Failure of management and leadership
In response to these deinstitutionalization proceeded
Deinstitutionalization:
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Prevention of inappropriate mental hospital
admission
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Provision of community facilities
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Discharge to the community of long term
institutional patients
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Establishment and maintenance of community
support system for non-institutionalized patients
Balancing Mental Health care
With following characteristics:
-
Services close to home including modern
hospital care for acute admission and long term facilities in the communities
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Interventions related to disabilities
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Treatment and care specific to the need
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Services consistent with human rights
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Services which reflect the priorities of the
users
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Coordination between mental health
professionals and other agencies
Basic Psychiatric Services
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Inpatient care
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Emergency services
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Outpatient care
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Day Care (Partial hospitalization, halfway
home, after care service)
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Community consultation
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Research and education
Mental health service Components
Relevant for countries with low level of resources:
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Primary care mental health with specialist
backup
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Screening and assessment by primary care
staff
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Talking treatment including counseling and
advice
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Pharmacological treatment
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Liaison and training with mental health
specialist staff when available
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Limited specialist backup available for:
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Training
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Consultation for the complex cases
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In patients assessment and treatment
World Health Organization view
Community mental health service is the recommended form
of health care by WHO specially for developing countries. WHO proposed the
following recommendations for effective community psychiatric approach:
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Provide treatment in primary care
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Make psychotropic drugs available
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Give care in the community
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Educate the public
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Involve communities, families and consumers
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Establish national policies, programs and
legislation
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Develop human resources
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Link with other sectors
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Monitor community mental health
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Support more research
A step-wise approach to delivering mental health service
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Establishing the service principles
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Setting the boundary conditions
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Assessing the population need
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Assessing current provision
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Formulating a strategic plan
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Implementing the service components at the
local level
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